海平面上升直接改变河口感潮沼泽的水文和盐度特征，是河口感潮沼泽面临的主要环境 问题之一。总结了开展海平面上升对河口感潮沼泽碳动态影响研究的方法和实验平台，分别从海 平面上升引发的盐水入侵和水淹增加2 个方面综述海平面上升对河口感潮沼泽CH ₄和CO ²排放通 量、产生速率和土壤有机碳厌氧矿化途径等方面的影响及其机制。盐水入侵显著降低河口感潮淡 水沼泽CH ⁴产生速率和排放通量，导致土壤有机碳厌氧矿化途径从CH ₄产生为主向硫酸盐异化还 原为主转变，然而盐水入侵对CO2排放通量的影响具有不确定性。水淹增加对河口感潮沼泽CH ₄和CO ₂排放通量影响的报道相对较少，已有研究表明水淹高度增加降低CO2排放通量。最后提出 海平面上升对河口感潮沼泽碳动态影响研究应加强的领域，以期为科学地开展海平面上升对河口 感潮沼泽含碳温室气体动态的影响提供参考。

Sea-level rise (SLR) directly changes hydrology and salinity in estuarine tidal wetlands, and is one of the primary drivers of global change that significantly impacts ecosystem process. In this paper, various methodologies and experimental facilities (marsh organs, weirs, and flow-through mesocosms) for manipulating SLR are systematically reviewed. The paper provides a comprehensive summary of the effects and mechanisms associated with SLR on the fluxes and production rates of CH ₄ and CO ₂, the pathways and rates of soil organic carbon mineralization from two perspectives of SLR-saltwater intrusion and inundation increase. The saltwater intrusion due to SLR notably decreased the production rates and fluxes of CH ₄. Simultaneously, induced a shift in the pathways of soil organic carbon mineralization, transitioning from CH4 production to microbial SO24- reduction in tidal freshwater marshes. The main mechanism behind the reduction in CH ₄ flux caused by saltwater intrusion is the heightened presence of electron acceptor SO ^2- ₄, which hinders soil CH ₄ production. The impact of SLR through saltwater intrusion on CO2 emissions exhibits distinct uncertainty in tidal freshwater marshes. Due to the inherent challenges in experimentally manipulating SLR in situ, there was a scarcity of reports on the effects of SLR-related inundation increase on the fluxes and production rates of CH4 and CO2. However, some studies suggested that inundation height increase leads to a reduction in CO ₂ emissions. Additionally, the paper consolidates information on electron acceptors and microbe mechanisms associated with SLR that influence the pathways and rates of soil organic carbon mineralization in coastal tidal wetlands. Finally, the paper outlines the specific domains that warrant further exploration in future research on SLR’s impact on the production and emission of carbon greenhouse gases in estuarine tidal marshes.